Ceci est en contradiction avec l’article 134 de la loi sur le Grand Conseil : “le Conseil d’Etat répond dans un délai d’une année à tout le moins sous forme d’un rapport intermédiaire. Your email address will not be published. De plus, un objet déposé par le conseiller national Jean-Claude Vaudroz sera bientôt traité par le Parlement fédéral. Reconnaître l’existence d’un génocide s’impose à tous car un tel crime, imprescriptible, interpelle l’Humanité dans son ensemble. By the recognition of the genocide of the Armenians, Switzerland will do justice to the victims, the survivors as well as their descendants, and will contribute to the prevention of other crime against humanity. In addition, the UN definition of genocide (1948 Convention) follows World War II and the Holocaust. 2.3 Diplomatically 08-12-2003 L’intervention est reprise par Monsieur de Bumann. Au cours de ces dernières années, les parlements français, suédois et italien ont fait de même, ainsi que de nombreux parlements en Europe et ailleurs. It also recalls the undeniable nature of crimes against humanity and seeks to contribute to the fight against Holocaust denial. It is therefore natural for the National Council to ratify this position through a solemn declaration. Or do other reasons exist that we should know? It is legally questionable to apply a concept (“genocide”) appeared before the Holocaust. A brave people of Armenian origin displaced: its eastern regions, formerly occupied by Russia, formed the smallest of the Soviet republics, or were absorbed by Iran, while the massacres of survivors of the vast Western region emigrated to Western Europe and overseas. Pays reconnaissant officiellement le génocide arménien. La politique extérieure de la Suisse vise à un équilibre durable dans le Caucase, en particulier entre la Turquie et l’Arménie. Required fields are marked *, Receive news updates via email from this site, Pan African Visions | September 28, 2020 5:02 pm, Pan African Visions | September 28, 2020 3:55 pm, Pan African Visions | September 28, 2020 3:44 pm, Pan African Visions | September 26, 2020 4:17 pm. d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group Despite the struggles for territorial extension, the Republic was squeezed between Ankara and Moscow. Under this dialogue, Switzerland has repeatedly addressed the Armenian question and encouraged Turkey to adopt a more conciliatory policy towards Armenia. Aux termes des articles 2 et 4 de cette convention, la création d’une norme pénale contre le racisme faisait partie des devoirs de la Suisse. But Turkey, signed and did not ratify the treaty, pushing Armenians, confining them to a territory only slightly less cramped than before. By recognizing the Armenian Genocide, Switzerland renders justice to victims, survivors and their descendants, and contribute to the prevention of other crimes against humanity. Le 25 juin 1998 le Grand Conseil a adopté à l’unanimité une résolution invitant le Conseil d’Etat à reconnaître par une déclaration solennelle le génocide commis en 1915 par le Gouvernement ottoman à l’encontre du peuple arménien. 1915 durant la première guerre mondiale, les troupes de l’armée ottomane massacrent plus d’un million d’Arméniens. The Turkish-Armenian question has been raised on several occasions during official bilateral contacts with Turkey. Thus adopted at the meeting of the State Council, in Lausanne on 12 January 2005. But Turkey, signed and did not ratify the treaty, pushing Armenians, confining them to a territory only slightly less cramped than before. Since then the Armenians have been fighting for the memory of the genocide. The outbreak of World War I led to the Ottoman authorities committing various crimes against the Armenians, where the decomposition of the empire in order to create a united national state created a climate of suspicion. Furthermore, an object created by National Councillor Jean-Claude Vaudroz will soon be treated by the Federal Parliament. Génocide arménien : une si lente reconnaissance. [11] ‘LOI no 2001‐70 du 29 janvier 2001 relative à la reconnaissance du génocide arménien de 1915’: http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/WAspad/Visu?cid=550080&indice=2&table=JORF&ligneDeb=1. Le génocide des Arméniens a été reconnu par l’ONU en 1985 à travers l’adoption du rapport d’une de ses commissions d’experts, la sous-commission pour la prévention des discriminations et pour la protection des minorités, puis par le Parlement européen dans une résolution en 1987. To date, the national parliaments of the following countries have recognized the Armenian Genocide: Uruguay, Cyprus, Argentina, Russia, Armenia, Greece, Lebanon, celui qui aura refusé à une personne ou à un groupe de personnes, en raison de leur appartenance raciale, ethnique ou religieuse, une prestation destinée à l’usage public, Switzerland Canton of Geneva 2005 (State), The Massimo Sandri postulate and others asking the Council of State take steps to officially recognize the Armenian genocide of 1915, The interpellation of Massimo Sandri and others on recognition of the Armenian Genocide, In 1915 during the First World War, the troops of the Ottoman army. Against the opinion of the Federal Council, the Great House has indeed accepted this text on December 15, 2003 by 107 votes against 67. La question turco-arménienne a été soulevée à plusieurs reprises lors de contacts bilatéraux officiels avec la Turquie. D - VISION‎ > ‎* Israël face au génocide arménien‎ > ‎ * Israel and the Armenian genocide Sarah Aharonson (1890-1917), the famous heroine of the Zionist movement Nili (short for «Israel Netsa'h Lo Yeshaqer - The Eternity of Israel will not lie») recounts: she has watched helplessly, the genocide of the Armenian people, unarmed Christian minority with a past of 2,500 years. It is important to remember that this genocide was recognized by the UN in 1985 and by the European Parliament in 1987. Les normes fixées par l’ONU dans la Convention de 1948 correspondent très exactement au processus de destruction subi par les Arméniens. The National Council wants the adoption of this postulate contribute to the establishment of lasting peace between Turks and Armenians, peace cannot be built but upon a common vision and a truthful history. Vu ce qui précède, le Conseil d’Etat a l’honneur de proposer au Grand Conseil. La reconnaissance du génocide et ses effets La reconnaissance d’un crime de génocide signifie que l’État reconnait l’existence du crime de génocide et des massacres qui ont eu lieu sur telle ou telle territoire. take steps to officially recognize the genocide Armenian 1915, and on the inquiry Massimo Sandri and others, on recognition of the Armenian Genocide. Among the commentators, opinions diverge to a great deal with regard to the ‘Armenian issue’, democratisation and European integration. Proposition du Conseil fédéral du 15.05.2002, La norme pénale contre la discrimination raciale. It is here in Lausanne that eighty years of the fate of Armenia was sealed. 3. Resulting from the merger of Aboriginal people residing around Lake Van an Indo-European tribe appeared around the seventh century . 4. For example, the activities of the Turkish-Armenian reconciliation committee and the access of researchers to the archives were discussed. Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit; Armenien-Frage; Armenien; Türkei; Erster Weltkrieg; Vergangenheit; Opfer unter der Zivilbevölkerung; diplomatische Beziehungen; 08; Recognition of the Armenian Genocide of 1915. The National Council wishes through the adoption of this Postulate to contribute to the establishment of a lasting peace between Turks and Armenians, a peace that can only by established by a common vision, and which conforms to the historical truth. La définition d’un génocide figure dans l’accord sur la prévention et la punition du crime de génocide (Convention sur le génocide) conclu le 9 décembre 1948 par l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies. 1915-1916 is a historical problem and therefore an object of study for history. By the adoption of this postulate, the Canton of Vaud would contribute to the establishment of a just and lasting peace between Turks and Armenians, whose peace’s main obstacle today is “denial” that holds and strengthens the pain and trauma of an entire population. Au cours de ces dernières années, les parlements français, suédois et italien ont fait de même, ainsi que de nombreux parlements en Europe et ailleurs. In May, the deportations. The definition of genocide in the agreement of the prevention and punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Genocide Convention) concluded in December 9, 1948 by the General Assembly of the United Nations. These are the first testimonies of various actors of the time, be they civilians, soldiers, missionaries, diplomats and survivors themselves. Treaty in March 2001 gave rise to an important debate in the National Council and was only rejected by a narrow majority of 3 votes (73:70). La conviction prévaut que, s’agissant d’un épisode douloureux de l’histoire, l’effort de mémoire collective doit être réalisé sur place, et avant tout par les pays concernés. La teneur exacte de la norme pénale est la suivante: – Celui qui, publiquement, aura incité à la haine ou à la discrimination envers une personne ou un groupe de personnes en raison de leur appartenance raciale, ethnique ou religieuse; – celui qui, publiquement, aura propagé une idéologie visant à rabaisser ou à dénigrer de façon systématique les membres d’une race, d’une ethnie ou d’une religion; – celui qui, dans le même dessein, aura organisé ou encouragé des actions de propagande ou y aura pris part; – celui qui aura publiquement, par la parole, l’écriture, l’image, le geste, par des voies de fait ou de toute autre manière, abaissé ou discriminé d’une façon qui porte atteinte à la dignité humaine une personne ou un groupe de personnes en raison de leur race, de leur appartenance ethnique ou de leur religion ou qui, pour la même raison, niera, minimisera grossièrement ou cherchera à justifier un génocide ou d’autres crimes contre l’humanité; – celui qui aura refusé à une personne ou à un groupe de personnes, en raison de leur appartenance raciale, ethnique ou religieuse, une prestation destinée à l’usage public. This article attempts to analyze the impact of external pressure for the ‘recognition of the Armenian Genocide’ in Turkey by examining the views of leading commentators, who represent different political standpoints. The extermination of the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire during the First World War has annihilated more than a million people who were deported and massacred at the order of the Ottoman rulers. The Federal Council’s policy focuses on political regular dialogue with Turkey and seeks a sustainable balance in the Caucasus. Thus, for the Council of State, all historical analyzes converges. Il s’est avéré que la question arménienne pouvait être discutée assez ouvertement en Turquie et que les historiens pouvaient y conduire leurs recherches. Le déclenchement du premier conflit mondial conduit les autorités ottomanes à perpétrer divers crimes à l’encontre des Arméniens, ceci sur fond de décomposition de l’empire, de volonté de créer un Etat national uni et dans un climat de suspicion généralisé. Au vu de ce qui précède, j’ai l’honneur de présenter les questions suivantes : 1. [6] For details of various legislative resolutions, laws and declerations, see http://www.armenian‐genocide.org/current_category.7/affirmation_list.html. Switzerland (Helvetic Confederation) National Council Resolution, Reconnaissance du génocide des Arméniens de 1915. The norms established by the United Nations in the 1948 Convention correspond precisely to the process of destruction endured by the Armenians. On peut citer enfin les prises de position du Conseil oecuménique des Eglises, à travers la Déclaration adoptée en 1983. Hier vendredi 24 avril 2020, l’ancien Vice … However, political declarations from abroad do not have the desired effect. Armenian people were the component of competition between kingdoms and empires of the region and were often seen carved up in power relations ( Roman invasion , conquered by the Arabs , battles between Byzantines and Turks, shared territory between Turks and Persian Empire, Russian). De 1920 à 1991, l’Arménie sera une république soviétique au même titre que ses voisines du Caucase. Mr. Carlo LAMPRECHT, Member Home > Armenian Genocide > Recognition > Armenian Genocide Recognition International > Switzerland. In 1915 during the First World War, the troops of the Ottoman army massacred more than a million Armenians. On 23 September 2003 , the Grand Council voted and supported by a large majority the reference to the State Council a premise for an act of recognition of Armenian genocide of 1915 : In the view above, I have the honor to ask the following questions: 1. The Chair: The Chancellor: [17] The chants were ‘We are all Hrant Dinks’ and ‘We are all Armenians’. [5] Morton Abramowitz, who is Senior Fellow at the Century Foundation and previously served as American Ambassador to Turkey, clearly stated that Turkey had lost the war of history on the Armenian issue in the eyes of the Americans and the only option left to stop any resolution is to emphasise the importance of American‐Turkish relations (Çongar 2007 Çongar, Y. To date, the national parliaments of the following countries have recognized the Armenian Genocide: Uruguay, Cyprus, Argentina, Russia, Armenia, Greece, Lebanon, The national debate actually began in 1995 on the occasion of a, interpellation of the National Council requesting the Council Fankhauser, Federal to recognize the Armenian Genocide. Swiss legislators have recognized the Armenian Genocide in 1995. The State Council may stand politically in the debate on the question of recognition of the Armenian Genocide. “. [7] European Parliament, Resolution on a Political Solution to the Armenian Question, Doc. Ce traité, en fixant les frontières du pays, est fondateur de la Turquie moderne. Au cours de ces dernières années de nombreux parlements européens ont fait de même, dont les Français, Suédois et Italiens. The Federal Council has repeatedly expressed regret and condemnation of the tragic mass deportations and massacres that have taken place in its replies to parliamentary interventions, including recently the Zisyadis postulate 00.3245, “Armenian genocide, Recognition by Switzerland” of 6 June 2000 regretting and condemning the tragic mass deportations and massacres that marked the end of the Ottoman Empire and caused many victims in the Armenian population. Le 23 septembre 2003, le Grand Conseil a voté et soutenu à une large majorité le renvoi au Conseil d’Etat d’un postulat visant un acte de reconnaissance du génocide arménien de 1915 : “… Cet acte pourrait consister en l’édification, tant à Lausanne qu’à Erevan, d’une plaque à la mémoire des hommes et des femmes massacrés dans les horribles tueries de 1915, et une démarche du Conseil d’Etat, appuyée par le Grand Conseil, auprès des autorités fédérales, engageant la Suisse dans la même direction…”. Monsieur Laurent MOUTINOT, Vice-président, Madame Martine BRUNSCHWIG GRAF, Conseillère d’Etat, Monsieur Carlo LAMPRECHT, Conseiller d’Etat, Monsieur Robert CRAMER, Conseiller d’Etat, Madame Micheline SPOERRI, Conseillère d’Etat, Monsieur Pierre-François UNGER, Conseiller d’Etat, Monsieur Robert HENSLER, Chancelier d’Etat, © Armenian National Committee of America, 2015, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Switzerland National Council 2003 (Federal), 4. Mr. Robert HENSLER, Secretary, DÉCLARATION DU CONSEIL D’ETAT RECONNAISSANT LE GÉNOCIDE ARMÉNIEN DE 1915. Pays où certains partis politiques, provinces et/ou municipalités reconnaissent le génocide arménien, indépendamment du gouvernement dans son ensemble. ” … This act could be in the building , both in Lausanne to Yerevan a plaque in memory of the men and women killed in horrific killings of 1915, and an approach of the State Council , supported by  the Grand Council , to the federal authorities , engaging in Switzerland same direction … “, More than a year has passed and no action was taken on this premise . The ratification of this text was, however, on 24 March 2001 asking to take steps with the Confederation to for recognition of the Armenian Genocide. It recognises, however, that the present Turkey cannot be held … Mrs. Micheline CALMY-REY, President [14] The borders between these two countries were closed also because of the continuing Armenian occupation of parts of the internationally recognised territory of Azerbaijan. 3. Dans ce cadre, la position du Conseil d’Etat est la même que celle du Conseil fédéral : il admet et regrette l’existence de massacres perpétrés par les Ottomans contre les Arméniens en 1915, mais laisse aux historiens le soin de savoir s’il convient de les qualifier de génocide ou non. Au niveau de l’ONU également, aucune instance politique comme l’Assemblée générale ou le Conseil de sécurité n’a formellement reconnu le génocide. At this occasion, the Federal Council, observing the procedures carried out abroad, stated that it was rather the responsibility of the legislature to recognize such a crime. Déclaration du Conseil fédéral 15-05-2002. [10] ‘Proposition de Loi tendant à réprimer la contestation de l'existence du génocide arménien’: http://www.assemblee‐nationale.fr/12/ta/ta0610.asp. The Massimo Sandri postulate and others asking the Council of State take steps to officially recognize the Armenian genocide of 1915, RESPONSE OF STATE COUNCIL Le 13 mars 2001, le Conseil national, après décision unanime des Commissions de politique extérieure des deux Chambres, a transmis au Conseil fédéral la pétition de l’Association des opposants au génocide (Francfort-sur-le-Main) “pour qu’il en prenne. It is legally questionable to apply a concept (“genocide”) appeared before the Holocaust. LA PROBLEMATIQUE POSEE PAR LE POSTULAT. On June 25, 1998, the Grand Conseil has unanimously adopted a resolution inviting the Conseil d’Etat to recognize with a solemn declaration the genocide perpetrated in 1915 by the Ottoman government against the Armenian people. 2.3.2 In the Swiss plane “In the present Convention, genocide means any of the the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such: b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group, c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to, d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group, e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group “. Armenian Genocide Recognition International, ANCA Hovig Apo Saghdejian Capital Gateway Program. Mais ces actes ne sont interdits que s’ils sont commis publiquement, c’est à-dire s’il n’y a aucun lien personnel ou une relation de confiance entre les personnes présentes. Le bilan de ces massacres est fixé entre 1,5 million de morts selon les Arméniens et 800’000 d’après le Ministère de l’intérieur turc, qui articula ce chiffre en 1919. Ainsi, pour le Conseil d’Etat, l’ensemble des analyses historiques convergent vers ce constat que, en 1915, le gouvernement ottoman a ordonné la perpétration de massacres à l’encontre de la population arménienne. 3099067 Le moment est venu pour le canton de Vaud de reconnaître par un acte solennel le drame de la persécution des Arméniens. L’ensemble de ces sources permet de dresser le tableau de massacres des Arméniens sur l’ensemble de la Turquie. The third Swiss act of this process was the discussion and decision taken around the premise of  Vaudroz reverberating again the recognition of the Armenian genocide. Turkey does not deny the killings, but covers their deliberate organization by the people in power at the time, a judgment different from that of many historians. It asks the Federal Council to take note of it and transmit its position through the usual diplomatic channels. In Switzerland, the Armenian Genocide has been formally recognized by the Grand Council of Geneva in 1998 by the State Council of the same township in 2001. Lorsque l’histoire est en cause, les pressions extérieures sont souvent ressenties comme étant injustes : la Suisse elle-même en a fait l’expérience dans un passé récent. – sera puni d’une peine privative de liberté de trois ans au plus ou d’une peine pécuniaire. a) Killing members of the group Statement of the Federal Council 15-05-2002. We use cookies to improve your website experience. Approximativement, il s’agit des deux tiers de la population arménienne qui résidait en Turquie. Une blessure béante est ouverte dans la sensibilité arménienne et, face au tragique des disparitions, peu de place reste pour la réparation et le pardon. Mr. Robert CRAMER, Member Enter your email address to subscribe to receive 398 ‘The United States Training on and Commemoration of the Armenian Genocide Resolution’ proposal introduced in the House of Representatives on 18 November 1999, see the text of the Hearing before the Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights of the Committee on the International Relations House of Representatives: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi‐bin/getdoc.cgi?I Paddress=wais.access.gpo.gov&dbname=106_house_hearings&docid=f:69533.pdf, [4] For the text of H. RES. For the Swiss Government, there is no doubt that this is a painful chapter and difficult history of Turkey – which should not remain taboo – and it is important for each country to make a work of collective memory, even on dark events although it is difficult. Although space for free discussion of the Armenian issue has expanded in Turkey, external interventions have fed reactionary nationalism, hindered dialogue between Turks and Armenians and limited developments in the democratisation process. Indeed, recognition of the Armenian genocide is a debate that agitated the Armenian and Turkish communities and various national and international authorities for decades. The time has come for the Canton of Vaud to recognize by a solemn act the tragedy of the persecution of the Armenians. If the Treaty of Sèvres of 1920 recognized the Armenian political fact, the Treaty of Lausanne 1923 between Turkey and the allies emerged victorious from the war, stripped Armenia off the map, while not mentioning the extent of atrocities including this population has suffered. Le canton de Genève l’a fait à deux reprises: par le Grand Conseil en 1998 et par le Conseil d’Etat en décembre dernier. These messages were also carried on placards and dominated Hrant Dink's funeral cortege. J.C. , the. Mrs. Martine BRUNSCHWIG GRAF, Member massacred more than a million Armenians. THE ISSUE RAISED BY THE ASSUMPTION L’extermination des Arméniens de l’Empire Ottoman pendant la Première Guerre mondiale a anéanti plus d’un million de personnes déportées et massacrées sur l’ordre du pouvoir ottoman. c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to In recent years the French, Swedish and Italian parliaments have done the same, as have many parliaments in Europe and elsewhere. [3] For the text and discussions on the H. Res. 1. Seul le travail de la mémoire pourrait contribuer à restituer la dignité à celles et à ceux qui ont été engloutis à tout jamais. This treaty, setting boundaries for the country, is the founder of modern Turkey. The result of these massacres was between 1.5 million deaths according to the Armenians and 800,000 from the Turkish Ministry of Interior, who articulated this figure in 1919. 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Les opérations menant aux massacres dont il est question dans le postulat de M. le député Sandri débutent le 24 avril 1915, date à laquelle une première rafle visant à décapiter la nation arménienne est lancée. The works of historians are convergent to believe that the Armenians were killed in great number – the varying appreciation of the number of victims resides in the circumstances of this tragedy and does not cast doubt on the existence of the massacre – and that they were killed because they were Armenians. Cette convention stipule en son, Switzerland Canton of Geneva 1998 (State). Il s’agit en premier lieu de témoignages de divers acteurs de l’époque, qu’il s’agisse de civils, de militaires, de missionnaires, de diplomates ou de rescapés eux-mêmes. Finally, we can mention the World Council of Churches positions, through the Declaration adopted in 1983. From 1920 to 1991, Armenia was a Soviet republic alongside its neighbors in the Caucasus. La conviction prévaut que, s’agissant d’un épisode douloureux de l’histoire, l’effort de mémoire collective doit être réalisé sur place, et avant tout par les pays concernés. J.C. , the The genocide of Armenians was recognized by the United Nations in 1985 through the adoption of the report of one of its committees of experts, the Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, then by the European Parliament in a resolution in 1987. The third Swiss act of this process was the discussion and decision taken around the premise of  Vaudroz reverberating again the recognition of the Armenian genocide. The conviction prevails that, as a painful episode in history, the collective memory effort must be carried out on the spot, and above all by the countries concerned.